What is Hypoxia and How Its Relates to Diabetes? - Diabetes 7

Illustration effect of hypoxia on cells or tissues

(credit to Osmosis, YouTube)

We discussed about two metabolic factors that are glucotoxicity and lipotoxicity at previous articles:

 

- How Lipotoxicity Relate to Diabetes? - Diabetes 6 | Tanza Erlambang Update

- Effect of Metabolic on Beta Cells in the Pancreas - Diabetes 5 | Tanza Erlambang Update

We will talk little bit about another metabolic factor called as “hypoxia” in this post.

As mentioned by WebMd (2019) that hypoxia is condition of low oxygen level in the our tissues due to low oxygen level in the blood.

Hence, blood can’t bring enough oxygen to the tissue's need. It could lead to injure of cells or dysfunctional of several organs in the body.

Depend on length of time, effect of hypoxia on human body (organs) is range from almost no problem to mild problem to death:

- headaches

- difficult to breath (increase breathing rate)

- increase rate of heart

- body not work properly

- brain stops to function

- lifelong brain damage

- death

Illustration of wide effects of hypoxia (credit First Aid).

Then, the question might be asked: what is relationship between hypoxia and diabetes?

Some literature said that hypoxia and excess nutrient to be trigger of obesity, then cause glucose intolerance and diabetes.

It is suggested to prevent hypoxia and excess nutrient in order to manage body weight by doing:

- consume healthy diet

- exercises regularly

- minimize to use pharmacological theraphy or drugs medication

Reference

WebMd. 2019. What is Hypoxia. Retrieved from https: webmd.

Would You Like to Try Uber Helicopter?

Uber Helicopter (credit to Interia Tech).

As far as I know, Uber provides helicopters in several cities or places, but three cities are well known, they are:

- Dubai (United Arab Emirates).

- Las Vegas (USA)

- New York (USA)

The services mainly from or to airport. The cost of ride is varied in Dubai, Las Vegas and New York.

In Dubai, group of 6 individuals may book a helicopter for AED 530 (US$ 145) per individual. If one person books, it would cost for AED 630 (US$ 172).

The distance is around 34 km (21 miles), flight from the Palm Jumeirah resort to down town, Dubai.

The Palm Jumeirah is an artificial island, famous for luxuries of hotel, apartment and restaurants. 

Landing Uber Helicopter (credit to glamour).

In Las Vegas, Uber Chopper not only for transport from and to airport, but also provides views of the city. A group of 4 – 8 people could cost US$ 100 per person.

In New York, we may take helicopter from Manhattan to JF. Kennedey airport or vice versa. The cost around US$ 205. It includes car service from our house to helipad.

By next few years, 3 other cities are planning to provide Uber Helicopter services:

- Dallas, Texas (USA).

- Los Angeles (USA)

- Melbourne (Australia)

Yes, the cost is quite expensive, but will advantage if we ride in rush hours in crowd cities.

Would you like to try Uber Helicopter? Should Copper services are available in your city? 

What are Attractive Products Sold by Amazon?

Shed Defender (credit to Amazon)

Amazon are selling hundred million of goods, almost everything for daily needs. The brands come from all over the world.

I am rarely come to Amazon website to search interesting products. Recently, I found attractive products that catch my eyes:

- shed defender for pets

- hand holder pen and pencils

- breakfast with one device

- beaker wine glass

- unique beta fish tank

Shed defender is to cover pets in order to protect our floor, blankets, furniture and couches from pet hair.

Another function of shed defender is to keep pets warm and protect from allergens, especially for pup.

There are 8 sizes, from mini to extra extra large. Five colors are available:

- black

- hot pink

- purple

- red

- royal blue 

Pen and pencil holder (credit to Amazon)

We may put several office supplies such as eraser, scissors, pencils and pens in the unique and attractive desktop of hand holds the cup.

Amozon sells this product 4 colors:

- lime green

- yellow

- hot pink

- juice orange

Breakfast with one device (credit to Amazon)

We can prepare 3 kinds of breakfast altogether: coffee, bread toast and fry eggs. We may also able to make other breakfast foods with toaster oven and griddle pan.

Uniquely, energy and heat for griddle pan comes from toaster oven. Temperature could be control, and it have removable pan and tray. 

The beaker wine glass

This wine glass looks like a periodic laboratory beaker. We drink wine with scientific precision. It is fun for me, and might be impression for science lovers. 

Fish tank (credit to Amazon)

Design is combined of three separate tanks for three different aquatic animals such as fish, shrimps or invertebrates.

Have you visited Amazon website recently? What items interest you?

The Short Story of Japanese Kino Enigmatic Life – Part 2

Wave, painted by Japanese, Hokusai.

You might read the first part of this post: The Short Story of Japanese Kino Enigmatic Life – Part 1.

Then, because barely talk, Kino knew customer name is Kamita after two months in touch. The mysterious stray cat then to stay with Kino, gave him such unconditional comfort.

Kamita is combine of two words, “kami” means god and “ta” means field.

One day, a lot of snakes come to the bar. Kamita suggested Kino to go far away a while for good.

As mentioned by author mysteriously, “Kamita’s words had a strange persuasive power that went beyond logic. Kino didn’t doubt him. He stuffed some clothes and toiletries into a medium-sized shoulder bag, the same bag he’d used on business trips,” Murakami (2015). 

Goldfinch and cherry tree, painted by Hokusai.

Moreover, the author was born in Kyoto, the former imperial capital of Japan in 1949.

As described by Anderson (2011) that author had a jazz club for ten years. He did daily operation of club by clearing away, making burger, listening to music and blending drinks until midnight.

It is understandable that author’s experienced could reflect in his fictions. The writer story style is most in ordinary setting.

The short story of “Kino” is developed line by line with plenty of mood there. The messages are mixed: simple, sad, supernatural, ambiguity, soothing and haunting at the same time.

The sentences are beautiful, full of imagination and surprise at some point. I like to read the story. 

References

Anderson, S. (2011). The Fierce Imagination of Haruki Murakami. The New York Times Magazine. Retrieved from New Yorker.

Murakami, H. 2015. Kino. The New Yorker, February 23 & March 2, 2015 Issue. Retrieved from New Yorker.

How Lipotoxicity Relate to Diabetes? - Diabetes 6

Relation of beta cells, insulin and lipotoxicity (credit to Yoon et al, 2018).

Previous post was talking about two metabolic factors that are hyperglycemia (higher blood sugar level) and glucose toxicity (glucotoxicity).

In the article with title: Effect of Metabolic on Beta Cells in the Pancreas - Diabetes 5 | Tanza Erlambang Update, we discussed the hyperglycemia. Then we discuss another metabolic factor, lipotoxicity in this post.

Lipotoxicity is medical term relate to increasing of fat (free fatty acids) in the blood. In present of higher glucose level, Lipotoxicity then have the following effect on:

- resistance to insulin for several organs such as muscle and liver.

- increasing glucose generating

- reduction of insulin production in pancreas.

- promoting unhealthy heart and kidney

Unluckily, these negative effects are increasing for type 2 diabetic patients through less beta cell mass and reduce insulin production in pancreas. 

Illustration of beta cell damage (credit to ScienceDirect)

At cellular level, Lipotoxicity may induce:

- stress on endoplasmic reticulum

- oxidative stress

- impair beta cell production, hence impact on beta cell mass

- inflammation

- authopagy

Luckily, negative effect of Lipotoxicity on beta cell could be protected by several factors such as lactogens, incretins and estrogens.

These hormones not only able to reduce toxicity effect of lipid, but also to stimulate beta cell function and proliferation.

Finally, in this case, we may conclude that not only sugar, lipid may also contribute to impair beta cell to produce insulin.

You may like to read:

- What is Type 2 Diabetes? - Diabetes 1 | Tanza Erlambang Update

- What is the Relationship between Eggs and Diabetes? - Diabetes 2 | Tanza Erlambang Update

- Why Pancreas of Type 2 Diabetic Persons Produce Less Insulin? - Diabetes 3 | Tanza Erlambang Update

- Could Medicines Affect on Pancreas to Produce Insulin? - Diabetes 4 | Tanza Erlambang Update

- Effect of Metabolic on Beta Cells in the Pancreas - Diabetes 5 | Tanza Erlambang Update

Reference

Yoon, S, Oh et al. 2019. Fatty Acid-Induced Lipotoxicity in Pancreatic Beta-Cells During Development of Type 2 Diabetes. Endocrinol., 16 July 2018.

Why 3 billion Birds Have Lost in North America?

Colorful bird, painted bunting for illustration

Scary facts showed that billion birds lost in North America during last 50 years. The number around 3 billion birds.

Of 529 species, 19 bird species lost around 50 million for each species, as reported by Cornell university recently.

Examples of species lost are following:

- red-winged blackbird

- dark-eyed junco

- sparrows

- European starling

- warblers,

- blackbirds

- finches.

- meadowlarks

- horned larks

- red-winged blackbirds

- thrushes

- swallows

Carolina chickadee as illustration

The question then, Why 3 billion Birds Have Lost in North America? The answer is combination factors, but mostly relate to:

- decreasing of bird habitats

- using of pesticides that killed insects as food sources for birds

- eaten by predators such as wild cats

- accident like glass collisions

- climate changes

Habitat is great important for birds, not only to live, but also to find food, rest and raise the chicks.

Loss of habitats mainly due to agricultural expansion, and might also because of property and industry development, especially in sub urban areas.

Now, my wonder about reduction of bird population in my backyard is getting answer. 6 years ago, I saw a quite lot of birds.

In the last few years or this year around, especially during spring season, I just see couple of hummingbirds, and I did not see any woodpeckers at all.

How about you? Do you aware that less birds in your backyard or any where else? 

Why Income Annuity is Getting Favorite?

Income gap, just for illustration (credit to Vanguard)

For my international friends, in case you did not know, Income annuity is an investment to provide monthly income which last for life time.

This is a kind of guaranteed income to avoid outliving of our income. We may get income payment as policy signed. People usually get regular income in the future, especially after retirement ages.

There are two choice: fix or variable regular income. Variable may fluctuate which depend on market interest.

Then, Why Income Annuity is Getting Favorite? Here the reasons:

- filling the gap of income after retirement

- may last for life or until age of 85 (depend on policy we chose)

- no annual contribution limit, while retirement accounts of 401(k) and IRAs have limitation.

Calculation of annuity payments

For better understanding, let’s say we buy US$ 100,000 annuity policy. How much regular monthly payment if we start to receive annuity income at age 60 years old?

We do simple calculation based on available formula or using calculator. Calculation is depending on some factors:

- the annuity market rate (offered by insurance agencies) ranges from 3.7% to 8.1%. We choose 6% for example only

- We estimated our lifespan reach 85. Thus number of period: 85 years old – 60 years old = 25.

Hence, the regular monthly payment is US$ 651.9 (US$ 7822.67 annually). We receive this payment for 25 years.

If we wish to get monthly payment of US$ 1500, thus, we need to invest around US$ 240,000.

How about if we die before receiving 25 year payment? Our spouse or kids will get the balance.